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Drivers give cyclists more space on roads without central markings, study finds

20mph speed limit also leads motorists to give bike riders wider berth

A study funded by the national cyclists’ charity, CTC, suggests that the absence of central road markings and a speed limit of 20 miles an hour cause motorists to take more care when overtaking cyclists. However, the presence of a bike lane was found to make no difference, which CTC says reinforces the need for segregated space for bike riders.

Due to be published in the December issue of the journal Accident Analysis & Prevention, the article, entitled Measuring the influence of on-road features and driver behaviour on proximity and speed of vehicles overtaking cyclists, was presented at the annual symposium of the Cycling and Society Research Group in Newcastle earlier this week.

It is the work of John Parkin, Professor of Transport Engineering at the University of the West of England, and Stella Shackel from the Institute for Transport Studies at the University of Leeds. It can be consulted free of charge until 3 November.

They found that where there was no centre line on the road, motorists gave cyclists more space when overtaking them, and suggested that where one is present, it gives drivers a “visual clue” of where they should “drive up to.”

They added that the absence of a centre line, on the other hand, “may cause the driver to consider his or her road position and speed more carefully.” A lower speed limit of 20mph also resulted in a reduced speed when overtaking.

Sam Jones of CTC Campaigns said: “The report’s findings that drivers’ overtaking behaviour is not dependent on cycle lanes makes a strong case for protected space for cyclists. This is an issue that highway authorities should take seriously.

“Well-designed cycling infrastructure which leads to people’s feeling of safety is essential to getting more people on the road.”

Simon joined road.cc as news editor in 2009 and is now the site’s community editor, acting as a link between the team producing the content and our readers. A law and languages graduate, published translator and former retail analyst, he has reported on issues as diverse as cycling-related court cases, anti-doping investigations, the latest developments in the bike industry and the sport’s biggest races. Now back in London full-time after 15 years living in Oxford and Cambridge, he loves cycling along the Thames but misses having his former riding buddy, Elodie the miniature schnauzer, in the basket in front of him.

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HKCambridge replied to Bez | 10 years ago
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Bez wrote:

No surprises. People heed lines, they feel reassured by them, that if they obey them they're fulfilling their legal obligation.

That's why they don't like crossing centre lines, or lane lines, but also why many think the lines on painted bike lanes are fine to go right up to: the line says, "you're just dandy up to here".

Of course, the line also means that if others cross them, they're viewed as transgressing in terms of responsibility as well, and so they're fair game. Swerve to avoid that broken glass in the narrow bike lane and you're basically changing lanes just as you would on the motorway: the people around you are guided by the lines to be less tolerant of it.

Painted lines along the direction of travel emphasise laminar flow: smooth, efficient, but poorly suited to coping with disruption.

Hasn't been my observation. Mostly cars overtake me allowing as much room as is available. They'll happily cross white line and give me more space if there's nothing oncoming, but if there is something coming, they're going anyway.

Cambridge has certainly got some places where the presence of a bike lane persuaded cars to move over, such as newly-painted lanes on East Rd after resurfacing. It might not be safety exactly, but there is generally a much clearer line to pass stationary traffic where there are cycle lanes.

But I think this whole thing is getting perilously close to shared-space thinking. If you don't have clear markings, some drivers might take more care (the most worrying will just bully people regardless, using lack of rules as justification). Get it wrong and you get a prang at low speeds.

But if you have big open spaces without marking and you're a vulnerable road user, you might just avoid it entirely, or decide not to walk/cycle. Even low-speed collisions can result in injury.

The uncertainty that modifies driver behaviour creates the same uncertainty in vulnerable road users, but to worse effect.

And let us not forget the vehicular cyclist. I am one when appropriate, for reasons of practicality rather than preference. It is still a valid and necessary way of cycling on our busier roads until they are designed better. You cannot control a lane if there is no lane. If I'm trying to indicate to the car behind not to overtake because I'm positioned for straight-on, I cannot do that without markings: you just end up floating in the middle of the road, vulnerable from all sides.

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